Objective To explore the frequency and polymorphism of retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) gene in Suzhou district and its relationships with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods The genotypes of RBP4 polymorphism were determined in 384 healthy individuals and 384 T2DM patients by TaqMan probe genotyping and agarose gel electrophoresis methods, and the level of fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol(TC) and triglyceride(TG) were also estimated.Results There was no statistical significance of difference in various genotypes and alleles between the both groups (P>0.05).As compared with non-mutant carriers, mutant carriers did not have significantly increased T2DM risk (using adjusted logistic regression models). The stratified analyses did not exhibit any significant differences in age, gender, high blood pressure history, TG and TC for the three SNP locus. No haplotype was associated with T2DM. Conclusion The polymorphism of RBP4 -803 G>A, 5169 C>T, 6969 G>C had no relationships with T2DM in Suzhou district.