Objective To analyze the diagnostic value of Platelia Aspergillus galactomannan assay (GM) for invasive aspergillosis (IA). Methods The diagnosis of IA was classified as proven, probable, possible, or exclusion according to the criteria, and the patients were classified in group A (hematologic malignancies and hemotopoietic stem cell transplantation, HSCT), group B (non-group A treated with immunosuppressive agents), and group C (non-group A not treated with immunosuppressive agents). The sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value of GM were calculated. Results Of the 781 patients, 551 had no IA, and 8, 33, and 189 had proven, probable, or possible IA, respectively. GM test was positive in 160 of the 230 patients in whom IA was not excluded. The sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value in the all patients were 73.2%, 81.7%, and 97.6% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity were 85.7% and 88.4% in group A, 81.2% and 81.4% in group B, 45.5% and 78.7% in group C (P <0.05), respectively. The median absorption coefficient of GM positive results was 2.78 in group A, 1.82 in group B, and 0.585 in group C (P <0.05). Conclusions Platelia Aspergillus GM test is valuable in the early diagnosis of IA in patients at risk.