Abstract: Objective:To clarify the prognostic evaluation of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), Cyfra21-1 levels and tumor marker index (TMI) in the sera of preoperative clinical stage I non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients. Methods:A total of 351 patients with clinical stage I NSCLC who had undergone complete resection were reviewed retrospectively. Any patients with follow-up periods less than 5 years were excluded. The univariate and multivariate analysis were used to estimate OR (95%CI). Results:The 5-year survival rates of patients with different CEA level showed significant statistical difference (χ²=299.30，P＜0.01). The survival rate of the patients (n=266) whose CEA level were in normal range ［(5.14±1.65) ng/mL］ was 89.85%, but the patients (n=85) whose CEA were high ［(45.88±27.78) ng/mL］ was only 8.24%. The 5-year survival rates of patients with different Cyfra21-1 levels were also showed significant difference (χ²=255.70, P＜0.01). The survival rate of the patients (n=256) whose Cyfra21-1 level were in normal range ［(2.23±0.68) ng/mL］ was 90.27%, but the patients (n=95) whose CEA were high ［(4.85±1.41) ng/mL］ was only 15.96%. There was a 5-year-survival rate of 96.81% in the patients with TMI less than or equal to 1.0 compared to the patients with TMI greater than 1.0 (χ²=461.13，P<0.01) whose 5-year-survival rate was only 3.02% (χ²=461.13，P<0.01). Both univariate and multivariate analysis indicated TMI may be available as the independent impact factor for prognostic evaluation with OR value of 104.15 (48.600 to 223.218), P<0.01 and 107.435 (49.722 to 232.138),P<0.01 respectively. Conclusions:TMI may be used to estimate the prognosis and conduct chemotherapy for clinical stage I NSCLC patients.