Abstract：Objective：To investigate the expression of fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase 1(FBP1) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its clinical significance. Methods：The expression of FBP1 in 8 pair of fresh frozen human ESCC tissues and the adjacent tissues were determined by Western blot, and the expression of FBP1 in 98 ESCC paraffin embedded samples and partly paired 35 adjacent tissues were also detected by immunohistochemical staining. The relationship between the expression of FBP1 and clinico pathological parameters of ESCC were analyzed. Results：The expression of FBP1 in ESCC tissues was significantly higher than that in the adjacent tissues (P<0.01). FBP1 expression was significantly correlated with TNM stage (χ²=40.66，P<0.01) in ESCC tissues and there was no significantly correlation between FBP1 and other clinico pathological parameters, e.g., gender, age and tumor size (P＞0.05). Conclusion: The expression of FBP1 in ESCC was correlated with the development of ESCC, which may provide new insight of the therapy of ESCC.