Abstract：Objective To investigate the status of blood specimen acceptability for clinical chemistry in clinical laboratories in China. Methods The questionnaire was assigned to laboratories which participated in chemistry EQA programs proposed by National Center for Clinical Laboratory. The questionnaire included general information of participants and relative information about unacceptable blood specimens. Participants were asked to record information about unacceptable blood specimen received from 1st to 31st July, 2017. The data were collected via special online system. Results Results discussed referred to 866 laboratories. Of 15 981 752 specimens received during the data collection period, among which 122 00 were rejected and the overall rejection percentage was 0.076%. The main reasons for unacceptable specimens were hemolysis (33.98%), insufficient specimen quantity (10.78%) and chylemia/lipemia (10.62%). Rejected specimens were related to source department, container type, specimen type, transportation method and blood collection personnel. Conclusions Certain problems exist in the system of specimen reception and management. Laboratories should pay more attention on pre-examination phase, routinely monitor unacceptable specimens and analyze related data at the most granular level possible, identify the main problem and take effective measures. The whole process heavily relies on the construction of information system. Perform long-term internal quality control and external quality assessment so as to improve quality in pre-examination phase.